2023
Kee, J.Y., Segovia, M.S., and M.A. Palma. 2023. “Slim or Plus-size burrito? A natural experiment of consumers’ restaurant choice”. Food Policy. (Forthcoming).
Suess, C., Maddock, J.E., Palma, M.A., Youssef, O., and G. Kyle. 2023. “An application of Protection Motivation Theory to understand the influence of fear-appeal media on stated donations for coral reef restoration”. Tourism Management. (Forthcoming).
Palma, M.A., Zhang, P., Cornell, K., Salois, M., Bain, B., and C. Neill. 2023. “The unintended detrimental effects of pursuing a professional vocation: the case of veterinarians.” PLos ONE. Vol. 18(5): e0284583. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284583
Huseynov, S., Palma, M.A., and M. Segovia. 2023. “Distributional Effects of Perceptional Financial Scarcity and Abundance on Food Choices.” Journal of the Agricultural and Applied Economics Association. (Forthcoming).
Dufwenberg, M., Feldman, P., Servátka, M., Tarrasó, J. and Vadovič, R., 2023. “Honesty in the City.” Games and Economic Behavior, 139, pp.15-25. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0899825623000118
2022
Wei, X., Khachataryan, H., Hodges, A.W., Hall, C.R., Palma, M.A., Torres, A., and R. Brumfield. 2022. “Exploring Market Choices in the U.S. Ornamental Horticulture Industry.” Agribusiness. Vol. 39(1): 65-109. https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.21769
Feldman, P. and Rehbeck, J., 2022. “Revealing a preference for mixtures: An experimental study of risk.” Quantitative Economics, 13(2), pp.761-786.
Knaggs, J., Pruitt, J.R., Anderson, L., and M. Palma. 2022. “Influence of social status, physical activity, and socio-demographics on willingness to pay for a basket of organic foods.” Agricultural and Food Economics. Vol. 10(1): 25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40100-022-00233-8
Hildebrand, K., Chung, C., Boyer, T.A., and M. Palma. 2022. “Does Change in Respondents’ Attention Affect Willingness to Accept Estimates from Choice Experiments?” Applied Economics. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2022.2114989
Hopkins, K.A., Arnold, M.A., Hall, C.R., Pemberton, B., and M.A. Palma. 2022. “Seed Propagation Methods for Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Wooton & Standl.” HortScience. Vol. 57(7): 836-840.
Hopkins, K.A., Arnold, M.A., Hall, C.R., Pemberton, B., and M.A. Palma. 2022. “Vegetative Propagation of Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Wooton & Standl.” HortScience. Vol. 57(7): 831-835.
Rihn, A.L., Knuth, M.J., Peterson, B.J., Torres, A.P., Campbell, J.H., Boyer, C.R., Palma, M.A., and H. Khachatryan. 2022. “Investigating Drivers of Native Plant Production in the United States Green Industry.” Sustainability. Vol. 14(11): 6774.
Kee, J., Segovia, M.S., Saboury, P., and M.A. Palma. 2022. “Appealing to Altruistic Motives to Reduce Food Calorie Intake: A Natural Field Experiment.” Food Policy. Vol. (110): 102274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2022.102274
Kassas, B., Palma, M.A., and M. Porter. 2022. “Happy to Take Some Risk: Estimating the Effect of Induced Emotions on Risk Preferences.” Journal of Economic Psychology. Vol. 91: 102527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2022.102527
Palma, M.A., Huseynov, S., and R.M. Nayga. 2022. “Health versus Income Amid COVID-19: What Do People Value More?” PLos ONE. Vol. 17(5): e0267004. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267004
Zhang, P. and M.A. Palma. 2022. “Stability of Risk Preferences During COVID-19: Evidence from Four Measurements.” Frontiers in Psychology. Vol. 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.702028
Saboury, P., Krasteva, S., and M.A. Palma. 2022. “The Effect of Seed Money and Matching Gifts in Fundraising: A Lab Experiment.” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. Vol. 194: 425-453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2021.12.019
Hopkins, K.A., Hall, C.R., Arnold, M.A., Palma, M.A., Knuth, M., and B. Pemberton. 2022. “Consumer preferences of Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Wooten & Standl. floral characteristics.” HortScience. Vol. 57(3): 431-440.
2021
Rihn, A.L., Hall, C.R., Peterson, B.J., Torres, A.P., Palma, M.A., and H. Khachatryan. 2021. “Changes in Production Practices by Green Industry Growers from 2009 to 2019”. Journal of Environmental Horticulture. (Forthcoming)
Pruitt, J.R., Melton, K.M., and M.A. Palma. 2021. “Does Physical Activity Influence Consumer Acceptance of Gene Edited Food?” Sustainability. Vol. 13, 7759. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147759
Kee, J., Knuth, M., Lahey, J., and M. Palma. 2021. “Does Eye-Tracking Have an Effect on Economic Behavior?” PLos ONE. 16(8): e0254867. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254867
Knuth, M.J., Khachatryan, H., Hall, C.R., Palma, M.A., Hodges, A.W., Torres, A.P., and R.G. Brumield. 2021. “Trade Flows within the United States Nursery Industry in 2018”. Journal of Environmental Horticulture. Vol. 39(2): 77-90.
Huseynov, S., Palma, M.A., and G. Ahmad. 2021. “Does the Magnitude of Relative Calorie Distance Affect Food Consumption?” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. Vol. 188: 530-551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2021.05.037
Wu, X., Knuth, M.J., Hall, C.R., and M.A. Palma. 2021. “Increasing Profit Margins by Substituting Species in Floral Arrangements.” HortTechnology. Vol. 31(1): 19-26.
Huseynov, S., and M.A. Palma. 2021. “Food Decision-Making under Time Pressure.” Food Quality and Preference. Vol. 88: 104072.
Segovia, M.S., and M.A. Palma. 2021. “Testing the Consistency of Preferences in Discrete Choice Experiments: An Eye Tracking Study.” European Review of Agricultural Economics. Vol. 48(3): 624-664. https://doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbaa024
Kassas, B., Palma, M.A., and C.R. Hall. 2021. “Informing Generic Advertising Programs by Investigating Income and Relative Return Heterogeneities in Voluntary Contributions Mechanisms.” Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics. Vol. 46(2): 171-188.
Zhang, P. and M.A. Palma. 2021. “Compulsory versus Voluntary Insurance: An Online Experiment.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics. Vol. 103(1): 106-125. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajae.12120
Zhang, Y.J., and M.A. Palma. 2021. “Revisiting Sugar Taxes and Sugary Drink Consumption: Evidence from the Random-Coefficient Demand Model.” Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics. Vol. 46(1): 37-55.
2020
Chavez, D.E., Palma, M.A., Nayga, R.M., and J.W. Mjelde. 2020. “Product Availability in Discrete Choice Experiments with Private Goods.” Journal of Choice Modelling. Vol. 36: 100225.
Segovia, M.S., Palma, M.A. and R.M. Nayga. 2020. “Can episodic future thinking affect food choices?” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. Vol. 177: 371-389.
Montoya, J.E., Arnold, M.A., Rangel, J., Stein, L.A. and M.A. Palma. 2020. “Pollinator-attracting Companion Plantings Increase Crop Yield of Cucumbers and Habanero Peppers.” HortScience. Vol. 55(2): 164-169.
Segovia, M.S., Palma, M.A., and R.M. Nayga. 2019. “The Effect of Food Anticipation on Cognitive Function: An Eye Tracking Study.” PLoS ONE. 14(10): e0223506. https://doi.org/10.1371/
Chavez, D.E., Palma, M.A., Byrne, D.H., Hall, C.R., and L.A. Ribera. 2019. “Willingness to Pay for Rose Attributes: Helping Provide Consumer Orientation to Breeding Programs.” Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics. Vol. 52 (1): 1-15.
Huseynov, S., Kassas, B., Segovia, M.S., and M.A. Palma. 2019. “Incorporating Biometric Data in Models of Consumer Choice”. Applied Economics. Vol. 51(14): 1514-1531.
Hall, C.R., Hodges, A.W., Khachatryab, H., and M.A. Palma. 2020, “Economic Contributions of the Green Industry in the United States in 2018.” Journal of Environmental Horticulture. Vol. 38(3): 73-79.
2019
Aksoy, B. and M.A. Palma. 2019. “The Effects of Scarcity on Cheating and In-Group Favoritism.” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2019.06.024.
Palma, M.A., Vedenov, D.V., and D. Bessler. 2020. “The Order of Variables, Simulation Noise and Accuracy of Mixed Logit Estimates”. Empirical Economics. Vol. 58(5): 2049-2083.
Zhang, Y.J. and M.A. Palma. 2019. “The Impact of the H-1B Cap Exemption on PhD Labor Markets.” Empirical Economics 59, 2125–2152 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-019-01721-5
Zhang, Y.J., Xu, Z.P., and M.A. Palma. 2019. “Conveniently Dependent if Naively Overconfident? An Experimental Study on the Reaction to External Help.” PLoS ONE. 14(5):e0216617. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216617
Kassas, B., and M.A. Palma. 2019. “Self-Serving Biases in Social Norm Compliance.” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. Vol. 159: 388-408.
Palma, M.A., Johnson, M.D., and D.P. Anderson. 2019. “The Effects of Experience versus Description of Attributes on Willingness-to-Pay for Beefsteaks”. Agricultural Economics. Vol. 50(2): 129-137.
Chavez, D.E., and M.A. Palma. 2019. “Pushing Subjects beyond Rationality with More Product Offerings in Experimental Auctions”. Agricultural Economics. Vol. 50(2): 207-2017.
2018
Chavez, D. Palma, M., and A. Collart. 2018. “Using Eye-tracking to Model Attribute Non-Attendance in Choice Experiments.”Applied Economics Letters. Vol. 25(19): 1355-1359.
Bazzani, C., Palma, M.A., and R.M. Nayga. 2018. “On the use of flexible mixing distributions in WTP space: An induced value choice experiment.” Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics. Vol. 62(2): 185-198.
Chung, C., Boyer, T., Palma, M., and M. Ghimire. 2018. “Economic Impact of Drought- and Shade-Tolerant Bermudagrass Cultivars”. HortTechnology. Vol 28(1): 66-73.
Palma, M.A., Segovia, M.S., Kassas, B., Ribera, L.A., and C.R. Hall. 2018. “Self-Control: Knowledge or Perishable Resource?” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. Vol. 145: 80-94.
Palma, M.A., and Z.P. Xu. 2018. “Shadow of a Doubt: Moral Excuse in Charitable Giving”. Review of Behavioral Economics.Vol. (6): 133-146.
Palma, M.A., Vedenov, D.V., and D. Bessler. 2018. “The Order of Variables, Simulation Noise and Accuracy of Mixed Logit Estimates”. Empirical Economics. (Forthcoming).
Chavez, D.E., and M.A. Palma. 2018. “Pushing Subjects beyond Rationality With More Product Offerings in Experimental Auctions”. Agricultural Economics. (Forthcoming).
Li, Y., Palma, M.A., Hall, C.R., Khachatryan, H., and O. Capps. 2018. “Measuring the Effects of Advertising on Green Industry Sales: A Generalized Propensity Score Approach”. Applied Economics. Vol. 51(12): 1303-1318.
Huseynov, S., Kassas, B., Segovia, M.S., and M.A. Palma. 2018. “Incorporating Biometric Data in Models of Consumer Choice”. Applied Economics. Vol. 51(14): 1514-1531.
Zhang, Y., Palma, M.A., Jin, S., and X. Yuan. 2018. “U.S. Consumer Reactions to China’s Shuanghui Acquisition of Smithfield Foods and Its Neural Basis”. Agribusiness. Vol. 35(1): 69-83.
Huseynov, S., and M.A. Palma. 2018. “Does California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standards Reduce Carbon Dioxide Emissions?” PLoS ONE. 13(9): e0203167. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203167
Kassas, B., Palma, M.A., and D.P. Anderson. 2018. “Fine-tuning willingness-to-pay estimates in second price auctions for market goods”. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics. Vol. 77: 50-61.
2017
Sundararajan, R.R., Palma, M.A., and M. Pourahmadi. 2017. “Reducing Brain Signal Noise in the Prediction of Economic Choices: A Case Study in Neuroeconomics.” Frontiers in Neuroscience. Vol. 11(704): 1-13.
Li, Y., Palma, M.A., and Z.P. Xu. 2017. “Impacts of Playing after School on Academic Performance: a Propensity Score Matching Approach.” Education Economics. Vol. 25(6): 575-589.
Perez, M.P., Ribera, L.A., and M.A. Palma. 2017. “Effects of Trade and Agricultural Policies on the Structure of the U.S. Tomato Industry.” Food Policy. Vol. 69: 123-134.
Zapata, S.D., Ribera, L.A., and M.A. Palma. 2017. “Effect of Production Parameters On the Economic Feasibility of a Biofuel Enterprise.” Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics. Vol. 49(3): 347-362.
Palma, M.A. 2017. “Improving the Prediction of Ranking Data.” Empirical Economics. Vol. 53(4): 1681-1710.
Palma, M.A., Ness, M.L., and D.P. Anderson. 2017. “Fashionable Food: a Latent Class Analysis of Social Status in Food Purchases.” Applied Economics. Vol. 49(3): 238-250.
2016
Kassas, B., Palma, M.A., and Y. Zhang. 2016. “The Role of Incentives on Preference Revelations in Auctions versus Rankings.” Journal of Choice Modelling. Vol. 20: 73-85.
Palma, M.A., Behe, B.K., Hall, C.R., Huddleston, P.T., and T. Fernandez. 2016. “Tracking Position Premiums in Discrete Choice Experiments.” Applied Economics Letters. Vol. 23(18): 1269-1273.
Zhang, Y., Palma, M.A., and Xu, P. 2016. “Unintended Effects of the Alabama HB 56 Immigration Law on Crime: A Preliminary Analysis.” Economics Letters. Vol. 147: 68-71. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2016.08.026
Perez, M., Palma, M.A, Behe, B., and C.R. Hall. 2016. “Structural Breaks and Future Growth of the Green Industry.” Journal of Environmental Horticulture. Vol. 34(2): 52-55.
Johnson, M.D., Miller, R.K., Morrill, J.C., Anderson, D.P., Wickersham, T.A., Sawyer, J.E., Richardson, J.W., and M.A. Palma. 2016. “The influence of taste in willingness-to-pay (WTP) valuations of sirloin steaks from post-extraction algal residue (PEAR) fed cattle.” Journal of Animal Science. Vol. 94(7): 3072-3083.
Rajo, L.A., Arias, F., Segovia, M., and M.A. Palma. 2016. “Willingness to Pay for an Educational Label: The Zamorano University Brand.” International Food and Agribusiness Management Review. Vol. 19(1): 113-126.
Li, Y. Palma, M.A., Towne, S.D., Warren, J.L., and M.G. Ory. 2016. “Peer Effects on Childhood Obesity from an Intervention Program.” Health Behavior and Policy Review. Vol. 3(4): 323-335.
Segovia, M.S., and M.A. Palma. 2016. “Buying Your Way into a Healthier Lifestyle: A Latent Class Analysis of Healthy Food Purchases.” Applied Economics. Vol. 48(21): 1965-1977.
Xu, P., and M.A. Palma. 2016. “Consequential egalitarianism vs. accountability principle: an experimental investigation” Applied Economics Letters. Vol. 23(8): 562-565. DOI:10.1080/13504851.2015.1088134.
Palma, M.A., Ribera, L.A., and R.D. Knutson. 2016. “The Era of the Functional Consumer.” Journal of Food Products Marketing. Vol. 22(5): 555-570.
Ribera, L.A., Paggi , M.S., Anderson, D.P., Palma, M.A., and R.D. Knutson. 2016. “Potential Impacts of Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (T-TIP) on the Fresh Vegetable and Beef Trade.” Journal of International Food and Agribusiness Marketing. Vol. 28(2): 177-190.
2015
King, A., Palma, M.A., Behe, B., Fernandez, T., Sage, L. and C. Hall. 2015. “Garden Consumers’ Behavior and Attitudes Toward Woody Plants and Water Conservation in Two Selected Communities.” Journal of Environmental Horticulture. Vol. 33(3): 110-118.
Hodges, A., Hall, C., Palma, M. and H. Khachatryan. 2015. “Economic Contributions of the Green Industry in the United States in 2013.” HortTechnology. Vol. 25(6): 805-814.
Palma, M.A., Collart, A.J., and C.J. Chammoun. 2015. “Information Asymmetry in Consumer Perceptions of Quality-Differentiated Food Products.” Journal of Consumer Affairs. Vol. 49(3): 596-612.
Hodges, A.W., Khachatryan, H., Palma, M.A., and C.R. Hall. 2015. “Production and Marketing Practices and Trade Flows in the United States Green Industry in 2013.” Journal of Environmental Horticulture. Vol. 33(3): 125-136.
2014
Knutson, R.D., Palma, M.A., Paggi, M., Seale, J., Ribera, L.A., and D. Bessler. 2014. “Role of Trade in Satisfying U.S. Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Demand.” Journal of International Food and Agribusiness Marketing. Vol. 26(4): 326-343.
Abello, F., Palma, M.A., Waller, M., and D. Anderson. 2014. “Evaluating the Factors Influencing the Number of Visits to Farmers’ Markets.” Journal of Food Products Marketing. Vol. 20(1): 17-35.
2013
Palma, M.A., Morgan, K., Woods, T., and S. McCoy. 2013. “Response of Land Grant Universities to the Increase in Consumer Demand for Local Foods in the South.” Choices. Vol. 28. No. 4.
Holcomb, R.B., Palma, M.A., and M.M. Velandia. 2013. “Food Safety Policies and Implications for Local Food Systems.” Choices. Vol. 28. No. 4.
Paggi, M.S., Yamazaki, F., Ribera, L., Palma, M., and R. Knutson. 2013. “Domestic and Trade Implications of Leafy Green Marketing Agreement (LGMA) – Type Policies and the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) For the Southern Produce Industry.” Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics. Vol. 45. No. 3: 453-464.
Palma, M.A., Ribera, L.A., and D. Bessler. 2013. “Implications of U.S. Trade Agreements and U.S. Nutrition Policies for Produce Production, Demand, and Trade.” Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics. Vol. 45. No. 3: 465-480.
Collart, A., Palma, M.A., and C. Carpio. 2013. “Consumer Response to Point of Purchase Advertising for Local Brands.” Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics. Vol. 45. No. 2: 229-242.
McAdams, C.P., Palma, M.A., Hall, C., and A. Ishdorj. 2013. “A Non-Hypothetical Ranking and Auction Mechanism for Novel Products” Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics. Vol. 45. No. 1: 35-52.
2012
Palma, M.A. and R.D. Knutson. 2012. “Implementing Dietary Goals and Guidelines” Choices. Vol. 27. No. 4: 1-6.
Palma, M.A., Hall, C.R., Campbell, B., Khachatryan, H., Behe, B., and S. Barton. 2012. “Measuring the Effects of Firm Promotion Expenditures on Green Industry Sales” Journal of Environmental Horticulture. Vol. 30. No. 2: 83-88.
Ribera, L.A., Palma, M.A., Paggi, M., Knutson, R., Masabni, J., and J. Anciso. 2012. “Economic Analysis of Food Safety Compliance Costs and Foodborne Illness Outbreaks in the United States” HortTechnology. Vol. 22. No. 2: 150-156.
Palma, M.A. and K.M. Jetter. 2012. “Will the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans be Any More Effective for Consumers?” Choices. Vol. 27. No. 1.
2011
Hall, C.R., A.W. Hodges, and M.A. Palma. 2011. “Economic Contributions of the Green Industry in the United States.” HortTechnology. Vol. 21. No. 5: 628-638.
Palma, M.A., Richardson, J., Roberson, B., Ribera, L., Outlaw, J., and C. Munster. 2011. “Economic Feasibility of a Mobile Fast Pyrolysis System for Sustainable Bio-crude Oil Production” International Food and Agribusiness Management Review. Vol 14. No. 3: 1-16.
Palma, M.A., C.R. Hall and A. Collart . 2011. “Repeat Buying Behavior for Ornamental Plants: A Consumer Profile.” Journal of Food Distribution Research. Vol. 42. No.2: 67-77.
Hall, C.R., A.W. Hodges, and M.A. Palma. 2011. “Sales, Trade Flows and Marketing Practices within the U.S. Nursery Industry.” Journal of Environmental Horticulture. Vol. 29. No. 1: 14-24.
2010
Palma, M.A., L.A. Ribera, D. Bessler, M. Paggi and R. Knutson. 2010. “Potential Impacts of Food Borne Illness Incidences on Market Movements and Prices of Fresh Produce in the United States.” Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics. Vol. 42. No. 4: 731-741.
Palma, M.A., F. Wirth, C. Adams, and R. Degner. 2010. “Market Preferences Toward Farm‑Raised Sturgeon In The Southeastern United States: A Conjoint Analysis.” Aquaculture Economics and Management. Vol. 14. No. 3: 235-253.
Collart, A., Palma, M.A., and C. Hall. 2010. “Brand Awareness and Willingness-to-Pay Associated with the Texas Superstar TM and Earth-Kind TM Programs in Texas.” HortScience. Vol. 45. No. 8: 1226-1231.
Jeffers, A.H., W.E. Klingeman, C.R. Hall, M.A. Palma, D.S. Buckley, and D. Kopsell. 2010. “Estimated Nursery Liner Production Costs for Woody Ornamental Plant Stock.” HortTechnology. Vol. 20. No. 4: 804-811.
Palma, M.A., L. Ribera, M. Paggi, and R. Knutson. 2010. “Food Safety Standards for the U.S. Fresh Produce Industry.” AAEA Policy Issues. Vol. 8: 1-6.
Palma, M.A. and R.W. Ward. 2010. “Measuring Demand Factors Influencing Market Penetration and Buying Frequency for Flowers.” International Food and Agribusiness Management Review. Vol. 13. No. 1: 65-81.
Palma, M.A., Y. Chen, C. Hall, D. Bessler, and D. Leatham. 2010. “Consumer Preferences for Potted Orchids in the Hawaiian Market.” HortTechnology. Vol. 20. No. 1: 239-244. (HortTechnology Top 10 Articles Read, January 2010).
2009
Moore, E.D., G.W. Williams, M.A. Palma, and L. Lombardini. 2009. “Evaluating the Impact of the Texas Pecan Checkoff Program.” HortScience. Vol. 44. No. 7: 1914-1920. (HortScience Top 10 Articles Read, December 2009).
Jeffers, A., Palma, M.A., Klingeman, W., Hall, C.R., Buckley, D., and D. Kopsell. 2009. “Assessments of Bare-root Liner Quality and Purchasing Decisions Made by Green Industry Professionals.” HortScience. Vol. 44. No. 3: 717-724. (HortScience Top 10 Articles Read, July 2009).
2008
Williams, G.W., O. Capps, and M.A. Palma. 2008. “Effectiveness of Marketing Promotion Programs: The Case of Texas Citrus.” HortScience. Vol. 43. No.2: 385-392.
2007
Wirth, F.F., L. Love, and M.A. Palma. 2007. “Purchasing Shrimp for At‑Home Consumption: The Relative Importance Of Credence versus Physical Product Features.” Aquaculture Economics and Management. Vol. 11. No.1: 17-37.